org.openqa.selenium.StaleElementReferenceException

 org.openqa.selenium.StaleElementReferenceException

When it occurs ? 

• When the element has been deleted entirely.
• When the element is no longer attached to the DOM

Causes: 

• When the page is refreshed 
• When the user is navigated to another page
• When the java script deletes the element and creates the same element with the same id then the driver may not identify the replacement

How to overcome ? 

• By refreshing the web page | 

driver.navigate().refersh(); 
driver.findElement(By.xpath("xpath")).click();

• By using Try Catch Block
• By using ExpectedConditions.refreshed

WebDriver wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(30));
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.refreshed(ExpectedConditions.stalenessOf("ThisIsElement");

• By using POM Lazy Initialization
•  In POM, we use initElements() method which loads the element but it won’t initialize elements. 
•  initElements() takes latest address. 
•  It initializes during run time when we try to perform any action on an element. 
•  This process is also known as Lazy Initialization.